Bluebook Citation Guide

Court Rule Citations

Cite federal and state court rules with correct rule numbers, abbreviations, and parentheticals.

Overview

Court rules are cited under Bluebook Rule 12.9. Federal rules use standard abbreviations such as Fed. R. Civ. P. or Fed. R. App. P. The format includes the rule number and any subdivisions: Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6).

Local rules and state court rules should include the court abbreviation and rule number. The Bluebook favors abbreviations found in Table T1 for court names. Always confirm the specific rule set, such as the Federal Rules of Evidence or Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure.

When a rule has been amended, cite to the current version unless you are discussing historical language.

Formatting Rules

  • Use the correct rule set abbreviation, such as Fed. R. Civ. P. or Fed. R. Evid.
  • Include subdivisions after the rule number, such as 12(b)(6).
  • For state rules, use the court or rule set abbreviation from Bluebook Table T1.
  • Cite to the current version unless a prior version is relevant.

Examples

Federal Rules of Civil Procedure

Fed. R. Civ. P. 56.

Federal Rules of Evidence

Fed. R. Evid. 401.

Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure

Fed. R. App. P. 28(a)(8)(A).

State Rule

Cal. R. Ct. 8.204(a)(1).

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I cite the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure?

Use Fed. R. Civ. P. followed by the rule number and subdivisions, such as Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6).

Do I need a year parenthetical for court rules?

Not typically. Cite the rule number and subdivisions. Include a year only when required by local rules or when citing an older version.

How do I cite local rules?

Include the court abbreviation and the rule number, such as N.D. Cal. Civ. L.R. 7-3.

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Disclaimer: While this guide follows Bluebook 21st edition rules, always verify citations with official Bluebook resources or your institution's requirements. This content is for educational assistance only.

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